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The third line of the immune system
Let's continue our talk about the third line of immune system.
"Specific adaptive response"The third line defense aims to eliminate specific pathogens that have been encountered by the immune system previously (adaptive or acquired immune response).
The third line of immune response occurs throughout the body. 👤The adaptive immune system mainly involves two types of white blood cells (lymphocytes) – B lymphocytes (B cells) and T lymphocytes (T cells). 🅱️, B cells are involved in antibody-mediated immune responses (humoral immunity), whereas T cells are involved in cell-mediated immune responses. ⛑🫡
In antibody-mediated immunity, B cells are activated when they encounter a ‘known’ antigen. 📡Activated B cells then engulf and digest the antigen, which is followed by a representation of MHC (major histocompatibility complex)-bound antigenic fragments on the B cell surface.
Combination of Ag-MHC further activate Helper T cells, which secretes cytokines, to trigger growth and maturation of APC(Ag presenting cells) into Ab producing B cells (Plasma cells).⚛️At this point, some B cells are transformed into memory cells to keep the immune system ready for the next attack. ⚠️So, How the immune system works and how cells recognize the pathogens 🦠 will be covered in the upnext final article ✍️
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